Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys is the binding motif of fibronectin and cell adhesion molecules, which can inhibit platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding.

Thonningianin B is a natural product from Penthorum chinense Pursh.

N-Acetylaspartic acid is a derivative of aspartic acid. It is the second most concentrated molecule in the brain after the amino acid glutamate. It is synthesized in neurons from the amino acid aspartate and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA).